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Article History

Received: 17 September 2025

Accepted: 22 December 2025

First Online: 28 December 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Gaziantep City Hospital’s Health Sciences Ethics Committee (Approval No: 202/2025). The Committee waived the requirement for informed consent owing to the retrospective design, use of de-identified data, and no risk to participants. All patient data were anonymized and handled in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant institutional ethical guidelines.

: Not applicable. This study does not include identifiable patient data requiring individual consent for publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.