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Authors
Waydhas, Christian
Brod, Torben
Gliwitzky, Bernhard
Herbstreit, Frank
Menzen, Niklas
Pelz, Sabrina
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Essen
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Article History
Received: 21 January 2026
Accepted: 14 April 2026
First Online: 22 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki in its present form. Informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Duisburg-Essen on October 30, 2025 (registration number: 25-12751BO).
: Not applicable. The data was aggregated. No individual or identifiable participant data are included.
: C.W. obtains honoraria by Dräger for supporting in the approval of medical devices. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.
