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Authors
Zimmermann, Anna C.
Guensch, Dominik P.
Abegg, Julia
Setz, Louis
Jung, Bernd
Neuenschwander, Mario D.
Utz, Christoph D.
Grob, Leonard
von Tengg-Kobligk, Hendrik
Huber, Adrian T.
Fischer, Kady
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (32003B_212536)
Bern University Hospital Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine scientific funds
European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESAIC_GR_2019_DG)
European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESAIC_GR_2019_KF)
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Article History
Received: 21 January 2026
Accepted: 29 April 2026
First Online: 1 May 2026
Declarations
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: All participants provided informed written consent. This study was approved and by the Ethics Committee for Research on Humans in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland, an independent cantonal authority not affiliated with any university or research institute (Approval#: 2020_01258). This study complies with the declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable, images are entirely unidentifiable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
