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Authors
Xu, Zhiyan
Si, Cheng
Dong, Yinling
Zhang, Hang
Zhang, Jinyuan
Ge, Weihong
Wu, Xiaoyan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center (GWJJZX20251008032)
Wu Jieping Medical Foundation (320.6750.2025-06-26)
Precision Medication - CSPC Pharmaceutical Group Special Research Fund (SYHKJ-JK-2025-17)
Nanjing Municipal Health Commission (ZKX23020)
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Article History
Received: 9 December 2025
Accepted: 20 May 2026
First Online: 27 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in strict accordance with the ethical standards enshrined in the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School (Approval No. 2024-097-01). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School due to the retrospective nature of the study. All patient data were anonymized and de-identified prior to analysis to ensure confidentiality and privacy protection.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
