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Efficacy of opioid-free versus opioid-inclusive anesthesia on postoperative nausea, vomiting, and quality of recovery in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12871-026-04081-7

Published Online: 2026-07-14

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

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