Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Chang, Wei-Hung https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8179-0486
Yu, Kuan-Pen
Kuo, Li-Kuo
Lee, Chung https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6062-6178
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 10 May 2026
Accepted: 23 July 2026
First Online: 4 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of MacKay Memorial Hospital (IRB No. 21MMHIS430e; approval date: 14 January 2022). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board because of the retrospective design and use of de-identified data. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
