Berk, Ahmet Zeki https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6205-6649
Çege, Ecem Elif https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8314-1364
Çege, Muhammed Abdullah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3887-1480
Article History
Received: 15 June 2026
Accepted: 28 August 2026
First Online: 1 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Karabük University (Application No. 2866, 25 March 2026). Institutional permission for data collection was obtained from Karabuk Oral and Dental Health Training and Research Hospital (Permission No. E-21767321-501.07.01-319443437). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable institutional ethical requirements. The ethics committee waived the requirement for informed consent to participate in this study because it was a retrospective analysis of routinely collected clinical records.
Consent for publication: Not applicable. No individual person’s data in any form (including individual details, images or videos) is included in this manuscript.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.