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Authors
Chen, Xiaoqin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-5875
Li, Zhitong https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2982-7693
Fan, Xiaoying
Yan, Yuanyuan
Liu, Shiwei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Collaborative Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease Management Research Project (CXZH2024085)
Shanxi Province Metabolic Disease (Type 1 Diabetes) Clinical Medical Research Center (20240410501001)
Shanxi Province Science and Technology Achievements Transformation Guidance Special Fund (202304021301066)
Shanxi Province Science and Technology Innovation Talent Team Special Plan (202204051002029)
Shanxi Province Research Funding for Returned Overseas Scholars (2024-143)
Shanxi Province Basic Research Program (202303021212330)
Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (202404010920011)
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Article History
Received: 1 March 2025
Accepted: 21 April 2025
First Online: 3 July 2025
Declarations
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: Approval of the research protocol: The protocol for this research project has been approved by a suitably constituted Ethics Committee of the institution and it conforms to the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics Committee of Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, China, Approval No. YXLL-2025-026.
: Not applicable.
: Informed consent was waived for this study by the ethics committee/institutional review board, as it is a retrospective analysis of preexisting anonymized clinical data without direct patient intervention or use of identifying images.
: N/A.
: N/A.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
