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Authors
Yang, Yuxin
Yan, Tao
Wang, Ya
Zhang, Ziying
Li, Lehui
Zhang, Chunfa
Cao, Ning
Xia, Yuan
Shen, Yuan
Liu, Kun
Fang, Xin
Zhang, Xingguang
Zhang, Nan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation (2023QN08030)
Project of Education Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (NJZY22645)
Scientific Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (NJZY22617)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82160639)
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Health and Wellness Committee Project (202201227)
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Article History
Received: 4 January 2025
Accepted: 16 May 2025
First Online: 3 June 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Central Ethics Committee of the China National Cardiovascular Center (approval number: 2014–574, approval date: July 2014). As this is a retrospective study utilizing de-identified clinical data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee. The study protocol adhered to all relevant ethical guidelines and regulations. Participants were provided with detailed information about the study’s purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits, and they were given the opportunity to ask questions before providing consent. Ensuring the confidentiality and anonymity of all participants was a top priority throughout the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
