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Authors
Liu, Hui
Xu, Xin
Wang, Ruoyan
Kang, Jialu
Shen, Yongqing
Liu, Wei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Teaching Reform Research Project of Postgraduate Education in 2024 (XYJG2024003)
the Project of Provincial Colleges and Universities' Basic Scientific Research Operating Expenses Project in 2024 (TDSK2024001)
the Yanzhao Medical Research Project of Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (YZSY2024005)
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Article History
Received: 2 May 2025
Accepted: 16 June 2025
First Online: 9 July 2025
Declarations
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: The protocol for the NHANES study received approval from the Ethics Review Board of the National Center for Health Statistics. Each participant provided written informed consent prior to their involvement in the survey. As this study constitutes a secondary analysis of the publicly available NHANES database, it does not necessitate additional ethical review by the hospital’s ethics committee.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
