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Authors
Shu, Hongyun
Han, Sisi
Zhao, Feng
Xie, Zhihai
Qiu, Weiping
Zhang, Zubing
Li, Qiaowen
Zhao, Guojun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Nanjing Health Technology Development Project (ZKX23034)
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Article History
Received: 26 February 2025
Accepted: 6 August 2025
First Online: 29 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People’s Hospital). Participant/patient data was collected for research purposes and the results were used for exploratory analysis only, therefore, the Ethics Committee waived the requirement of informed consent from the patients.This study has been authorized by the Institutional Review Board (IRB-2024-092) of the Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University (Qingyuan People’s Hospital). Due to its retrospective nature, a waiver of informed consent from the ethics committee has been obtained. The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration, ensuring that all patient information is protected and used solely for medical research.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
