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Authors
Xu, Yinsong
Chen, Shiqin
Zhu, Jingying
Wang, Qingyuan
Li, Weiyu
Pan, Gonghua
Lv, Tian
Huang, Youhua
Qu, Wenbo
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Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Accepted: 14 August 2025
First Online: 26 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study involving human participants was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Peking University (approval numbers: IRB00001052-11015 for the household survey and IRB00001052-11014 for blood samples). The CHARLS study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and written informed consent had been obtained from all participants before their participation in this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
