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Authors
Yang, Chong
Sui, Jifeng
Jin, Jing
Yu, Rui
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Article History
Received: 25 April 2025
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The NHANES program received ethical approval from NCHS's Research Ethics Board, with participants providing informed consent. NCHS authorizes researcher access to its data for research. Publicly released NHANES data are de-identified, maintaining anonymity during analysis.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
