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Authors
Ashenef, Baye
Yimenu, Bayu Wondmneh
Osman, Enatnesh Essa
Sinamaw, Derese
Baye, Gelagey
Teffera, Zigale Hibstu
Adugna, Adane
Mengistu, Enyew Fenta
Baylie, Temesgen
Jemal, Mohammed
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Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Accepted: 3 October 2025
First Online: 7 November 2025
Declarations
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: All procedures followed relevant ethical guidelines and regulations. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of the Amhara Public Health Institute (Ref. No APHI 12/2081) and the respective referral hospitals, following confirmation that the Helsinki Declaration was upheld. Written informed consent, supported by verbal agreement, was obtained from all participants. Confidentiality and privacy were maintained, with no personal identifiers recorded.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
