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Article History

Received: 4 February 2025

Accepted: 18 October 2025

First Online: 12 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board/Ethics Committee of Istanbul Yeniyuzyil University (approval number: 2027/07-1290). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients or their legal representatives prior to inclusion in the study. All patient data were anonymized and handled in compliance with national data protection regulations.All participants involved in this study provided informed consent before their inclusion. The consent process was conducted according to ethical standards, explaining the study's purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits. Participants were assured of confidentiality, voluntary participation, and the right to withdraw without consequences.

: Participants in this study were informed that the data collected may be used for publication purposes while ensuring anonymity and confidentiality. The consent for publication includes an understanding that no personally identifiable information will be disclosed.

: The authors declare no competing interests.