Wang, Nan
Wang, Rui
Zheng, Jingang
Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 29 December 2025
Declarations
:
: Our research is in strict accordance with and adheres to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of China-Japanese Friendship Hospital.Informed consent was waived because the research exclusively involved de-identified patient data, ensuring no potential harm or impact on patient care. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of China-Japanese Friendship Hospital.This waiver was granted following regulatory and ethical guidelines governing retrospective research studies ).
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.