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Authors
Zhang, Yeshen
Li, Yixuan
Long, Xianglin
Li, Yunshu
Li, Ziyi
Tu, Shan
Luo, Wenzhi
Zeng, Lixiong
Ye, Fei
Zhang, Zhihui
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (2025ZZTS0309)
Scientific Research and Innovation Project of postgraduates in Hunan Province (CX20250422)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82570448)
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Article History
Received: 29 July 2025
Accepted: 4 November 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki. In this study, ethical approval and patient consent were waived, as all NHANES protocols were approved by the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics Ethics Review Board and written informed consent had already been received from each participant.
: All the authors have approved the manuscript that is enclosed for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
