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Authors
Wang, Qinpu
Su, Yijing
Zhong, Jiajun
Li, Jianan
Ren, Xinlei
Xuan, Junze
Huang, Weicong
Wang, Jue
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Article History
Received: 30 March 2025
Accepted: 5 November 2025
First Online: 8 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee in Clinical Research (ECCR) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Approval No. 2022-R217). In accordance with Article 32 and 35 of the Declaration, the requirement for written informed consent was waived by the ECCR due to the retrospective nature of the study, which involved minimal risk to participants and preserved their anonymity.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
