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Article History

Received: 21 August 2025

Accepted: 26 November 2025

First Online: 5 December 2025

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Ethics approval number: QT2025162), and the study complied with the ethical guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. As this study is a retrospective cohort study, it has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital and is exempt from obtaining informed consent. The study only involves extracting data from subject records, and patient data is anonymous or confidential.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.