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Article History

Received: 18 May 2025

Accepted: 3 December 2025

First Online: 19 December 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN 000020332). The protocol and related documents for the PENDULUM registry were approved by the Ethics Committee at Toho University Ohashi Medical Centre on 14 December 2015 (Ref 15–71) and the post hoc analysis was approved by the Ethics Committee at Toho University Faculty of Medicine on 24 October 2022 (Ref A24019_A23039_A22037). The investigation conforms with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and was performed in accordance with the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects. All patients provided informed consent when registered in the PENDULUM registry. Information about this post hoc analysis was disclosed on the institutional website, and the patients were given the opportunity to opt-out.

: Not applicable.

: Yoshiyuki Yazaki has nothing to declare. Yoshihisa Nakagawa received remuneration and research funding from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. Ken Kozuma received a research grant from Abbott Medical Japan LLC. and research funding from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., as well as remuneration from Boston Scientific Japan K.K., Abbott Medical Japan LLC., Medtronic Japan Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Amgen Inc., Novartis Pharma K.K., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., Life Science Institute Co., Ltd., Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zeon Medical Inc., and Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd. Raisuke Iijima has received remuneration and research funding from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. Yoshitaka Murakami and Anna Tsutsui have received research funding from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. Masayuki Fukuzawa, Satoru Abe, and Go Kato are employees of Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. Hidehiko Hara has received remuneration from Boston Scientific Japan K.K., and Abbott Medical Japan LLC. Masato Nakamura has received research funding from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. and remuneration from Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. and Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., as well as endowments from Boston Scientific Japan K.K., Kaneka Corporation, Terumo Corporation, Nipro Corporation, Otsuka Medical Devices Co., Ltd., Japan Lifeline Co., Ltd., Asahi Intecc Co., Ltd., and Biotronik Japan, Inc.

: UMIN000020332　(URL: ).