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Authors
Jiang, Yumei
Shen, Ting
Shi, Cheng
Li, Dejie
Zhan, Mengyi
Li, Guanghe
Qian, Lei
Huang, Qianchun
Zheng, Liang
Che, Lin
Wang, Lemin
Shen, Yuqin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
2021 Tongji Hospital Clinical Research Cultivation Project (ITJ(QN)2108)
2023 Tongji Hospital Clinical Research Cultivation Project (ITJ(QN)2304)
Scientific Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (20234Y0186)
Key Research and Development Plan Project of Autonomous Region (2022B03023-3)
Key Discipline Support Plan Project of Shanghai Municipal Health System (2023ZDFC0302)
Shanghai Hospital Development Center Foundation—Shanghai Municipal Hospital Rehabilitation Medicine Specialty Alliance (SHDC22023304)
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Article History
Received: 11 September 2025
Accepted: 17 December 2025
First Online: 27 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study complied with the Helsinki Declaration of Ethics and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Tongji Hospital (ethics number 2021–125), with a waiver for informed consent.Prior to analysis, patient records/information were anonymized and de-identified.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
