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Authors
Dong, Wenyuan
Aizimaitijiang, Wusimanjiang
Jiang, Hongcheng
Liu, Zixuan
Balati, Abudunaibi
Gong, Yuxin
He, Xingwei
Zeng, Hesong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hubei International Science and Technology Cooperation Project (2024EHA064)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82270368)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82470502)
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Article History
Received: 9 October 2025
Accepted: 18 December 2025
First Online: 27 December 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Approval No: TJ-IRB20211102), which granted a waiver of the requirement for informed consent for the use of patient data. All data from the NHANES study were obtained in accordance with its ethical guidelines. The NHANES protocol was approved by the Ethics Review Board of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), and written informed consent was obtained from all NHANES participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
