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Authors
Song, Chunfei
Guo, Dachuan
Chen, Sha
Ran, Xiangzhen
Leng, Linsong
Bai, Yu
Yang, Jianmin
Lin, Zongwei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong Province (No. 2021SFGC0503)
Shandong Natural Science Foundation of China (No. ZR2024ZD09)
China International Medical Foundation (Z-2017-26-2402)
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Article History
Received: 2 August 2025
Accepted: 25 December 2025
First Online: 7 January 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. UK Biobank received ethical approval from the North West Multi-Centre Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 21/NW/0157), and all participants provided written informed consent. Data for this analysis were accessed via UK Biobank application number 151350.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
