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Authors
Ahmed, Faizan
Mirza, Tehmasp Rehman
Iftikhar, Zoha
Tahir, Haris Bin
Kotadiya, Fenilkumar
Goel, Anika
Shah, Haider Hussain
Rauf, Saman
Junaid, Yusra
Qadeer, Talha
Waheed, Abdul
Gohar, Najam
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Article History
Received: 15 October 2025
Accepted: 5 January 2026
First Online: 30 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study used de-identified, publicly available mortality data from the CDC WONDER database and did not involve direct human participants or animal subjects. Institutional review board approval and informed consent were therefore not required.
: Not applicable. The study used de-identified, publicly available data and did not include individual-level identifiable information.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
