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Authors
Kong, De Zhao
Zhang, Xue Zhi
Zhou, Yuan Yuan
Wang, Qun
Pan, Yi Hui
Lu, Yi
Ye, Hui
Hong, Xiong Yi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81803978)
Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CACM (2022-QNRC2-B05)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M703618)
Science and Technology Research Project of the Department of Education of Liaoning Province (L201713)
Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program (RC200104)
Shanxi Province Health Commission Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project Plan (2025ZYYB087)
The Qi-Huang Scholar Chief Scientist Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Leading Talents Support Program (National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Letter No. 6 [2022])
Shanxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chinese Medicine Innovation Team Building Program (zyytd2024030)
The construction project of the Shanxi Province Key Laboratory, "Multidisciplinary Cross-Research Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Diseases Caused by Damp-Heat Pathogens" (zyyyjs2024026)
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Article History
Received: 9 September 2025
Accepted: 12 January 2026
First Online: 9 February 2026
Declarations
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: The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Province of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval number: 2023CS(DW)-004–01). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Clinical trial number: not applicable.This study utilized publicly available datasets from the GEO database. These datasets were de-identified and complied with the ethical standards of their original institutions. As such, this secondary analysis was exempt from requiring additional ethical approval and individual patient consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
