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Authors
Chen, Haipeng
Huang, Ning
Huang, Yang
Chen, Jin
Luo, Xu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation Project of Chongqing, Chongqing Science and Technology Commission (CSTB2023NSCQ-BHX0068)
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Article History
Received: 20 October 2025
Accepted: 13 January 2026
First Online: 24 January 2026
Declarations
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: The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) was approved by the London Multicentre Research Ethics Committee. All participants provided written informed consent prior to participation. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
