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Authors
Lv, Fangchao
Zhang, Dongming
Xu, Chenkai
Xu, Xiaohong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Traditional Chinese Scientific and Technological Projects for Medicine and Health of Zhejiang Province (2025ZL004)
Zhejiang Medical Association Special Fund Program for Clinical Medicine (2024ZYC-A259)
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Article History
Received: 31 October 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 14 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study was consented by the Committee of Clinical Investigation of Zhejiang Hospital (Approval No.2024–130 K) and conducted with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki.The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective and anonymized nature of the study (in accordance with Article 32 of the Declaration of Helsinki, the ICMJE Recommendations). All data handling adhered to China’s Personal Information Protection Law and institutional privacy policies.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
