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Authors
Abdullahi, Umar https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1027-9175
Shehu, Abdullah
Garba, Sanusi
Mohammed, Bello Alhaji
Sada, Kabiru Bello
Akogwu, Harrison Sunday
Mande, Kabiru Muhammad
Muhammad, Jelani
Ahmad, Sani
Umar, Lawan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-6516
Bala, Mujtaba
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Article History
Received: 31 December 2025
Accepted: 9 March 2026
First Online: 19 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee of Zamfara State Ministry of Health, Gusau (Reference number: ZSHREC26092025/334). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants in the study. Participation was voluntary, and confidentiality was maintained throughout. All data were anonymised and stored securely.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
