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Authors
Alasmari, Raghad A.
Alghamdi, Khalid H.
Bahri, Nouf M.
Bawaked, Ghida A.
Alhuthil, Raghad
Hafiz, Awatif
Alhammad, Abdullah M.
Amer, Marwa R.
Alkhaldi, Turkiah k.
Alshehri, Raghad M.
Kseibi, Firas E.
Hajja, Amro
Abouobaid, Noran I.
Bagazi, Ghassan A.
Bajaba, Raghad Y.
Shaheen, Hanadi Y.
Aldardeer, Namareq F. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9323-1606
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Article History
Received: 12 September 2025
Accepted: 31 March 2026
First Online: 11 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Jeddah and Riyadh, King Fahad Medical City in Riyadh, and King Saud University Medical City in Riyadh (Reference numbers IRB 2023-31, 24–185, and 3/0797/IRB, respectively). The data were kept confidential; only the research team had access to the files. Written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study. This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of Good Clinical Research Practice (Declaration of Helsinki) and the rules and guidelines of the Ethics Committee at KFSHRC.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
