Jia, Ji
Tao, Si-ming
Bao, Su-li
Shuang, Ying-bo
Peng, Ke-xin
Luo, Yi-hua
Jiang, Hua
Yang, Ai-ni
Dai, Hua-lei
Yang, Zhi-gang
Wei, Wei
Peng, Yun-zhu
Funding for this research was provided by:
Yunnan University Medical Research Foundation (YDYXJJ2025-0044)
Yunnan University Medical Research Foundation (YDYXJJ2024-0007)
Yunnan University Medical Research Foundation (YDYXJJ2024-0001)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82160439)
Article History
Received: 17 January 2026
Accepted: 3 April 2026
First Online: 8 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The present study was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The use of the MIMIC-IV database was approved by the Institutional Review Boards (IRB) of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and does not contain protected health information. Therefore, individual consent for participation was not required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.