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Article History

Received: 4 March 2026

Accepted: 14 April 2026

First Online: 22 April 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Jing’an District Central Hospital of Shanghai. As this was a retrospective study using anonymized/de-identified clinical data, the Ethics Committee waived the requirement for written informed consent to participate.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.