Shi, Wei
Hu, Xuemei
Li, Hui
Huang, Qihui
Zhou, Dian
Yang, Min
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Major Scientific Research Project of the Anhui Provincial Health Commission (Grant No. AHWJ2024Aa40031)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 82072134)
the Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Plan (Grant No. 202304a05020071)
Article History
Received: 3 April 2026
Accepted: 1 July 2026
First Online: 13 July 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted using the MIMIC-IV anonymized public database and eICU-CRD according to the protocol of the review board and ethical consent was not required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.