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Authors
Sun, Yifan
Chen, Jibin
Wei, Nianzu
Zhang, Ming
Zhang, Chunquan
Xia, Wei
Zhang, Lei
Shao, Yibing
Wang, Bin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2551-668X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
General Program of the Science and Education Department of the Qingdao Municipal Health Commission (Grant No. 2024-WJKY002)
Qingdao South District Science and Technology Plan Project (2023-2-07-YY)
Qingdao Medical and Health Research Guidance Project (2023-WJZD174)
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Article History
Received: 18 May 2026
Accepted: 7 July 2026
First Online: 20 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (approval number: 2023-KY-074). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
