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Authors
Ishaq, Muhammad
Bhatti, Khalid Iqbal https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2480-9629
Aamir, Kanwal Fatima
Hassan, Maroof
Mir, Ayaz
Mandokhail, Zafar Iqbal
Farooq, Fawad
Sial, Jawaid Akbar
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Article History
Received: 16 April 2026
Accepted: 4 August 2026
First Online: 18 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approval by the ethical review board (IRB) of the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi (IRB-64/2023). Verbal informed consent was obtained from all the patients regarding their participation in the study and publication of data while maintaining confidentiality and anonymity.
Consent for publication: Informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants, and all data were anonymized.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
