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Authors
Takauji, Shuhei
Hayakawa, Mineji
Yamamoto, Ryo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
a Grant-in-Aid for Multicenter Clinical Research from the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (Approval No. 0005)
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Article History
Received: 12 January 2025
Accepted: 10 March 2025
First Online: 13 March 2025
Declarations
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: The ICE-CRASH study (on which this post-hoc analysis is based) received ethical approval from Asahikawa Medical University (approval no. 18194) and was approved by the ethics committee of each participating hospital. This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The requirement for written informed consent was waived because of the anonymity of the data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
