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Article History

Received: 17 October 2024

Accepted: 9 July 2025

First Online: 1 August 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the National Healthcare Group Domain Specific Review Board in Singapore (NHG-DSRB 2021/00620). All procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and with the Declaration of Helsinki 1975, as revised in 2008. Participation was entirely voluntary, and informed consent was obtained electronically prior to survey initiation. To protect participant anonymity, no identifying information was collected. Only minimal sociodemographic data were gathered, including a single binary (Yes/No) item on belief in a religion, to minimise, if not prevent, the risk of deductive disclosure. Furthermore, no individual-level data were analysed or reported in a manner that could allow re-identification.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.