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Authors
Wu, Meng-Yu
Yiang, Giou-Teng
Chen, Sy-Jou
Ma, Hon-Ping
Lin, Mau-Roung
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital (TCRD-TPE113-RT-4, TCRD-TPE-113-19, and TCRD-TPE-112-09)
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Article History
Received: 25 October 2024
Accepted: 13 August 2025
First Online: 20 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (approval number: 09-XD-100, 11-XD-148, 12-XD-077). This was an observational study that did not involve additional interventions in the usual care of patients. Therefore, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board of Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
