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Authors
Sanguanwit, Pitsucha https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-6980
Nilkosit, Nichaphat
Yuksen, Chaiyaporn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4890-7176
Vichiensanth, Piraya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2536-7090
Termkijwanich, Phatcha https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5603-2894
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mahidol University
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Article History
Received: 21 March 2025
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 18 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Committee on Human Rights Related to Research Involving Human Subjects, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University (COA. MURA2023/141). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective design of the study and the use of anonymized patient data, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Clinical trial number: not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: While preparing this work, the authors used ChatGPT/Open AI and Grammarly to check grammar and spelling. After using this service, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and took full responsibility for the publication’s content.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
