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Outcomes and risk factors of traumatic brain injury in infants under 3 months with minor head trauma: a retrospective study from a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12873-025-01415-5

Published Online: 2025-12-19

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Alghannam, Ibrahim

Alrashidi, Abdualelah

Alghamdi, Mohammed

Alshalan, Abdulaziz

Alrashed, Rawan

Aljurfi, Safeyah

Algoraini, Yara
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-12-19

Version of Record valid from 2025-12-19
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Article History

Received: 25 July 2025

Accepted: 12 November 2025

First Online: 19 December 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, and ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of King Fahad Medical City (25–135). Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.

: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from the parents/legal guardians of all patients. Copies of the signed consent forms are available for the journal upon request.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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