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Article History

Received: 16 November 2025

Accepted: 19 January 2026

First Online: 30 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Data collection was conducted following approval from the Ethics Committee of Babol University of Medical Sciences (Ethics Code: IR.MUBABOL.HRI.REC.1403.243). Throughout all stages of the study, the principles of confidentiality and data privacy for all participants were strictly upheld and complied with the Declaration of Helsinki; informed consent has been obtained from the subjects. The study’s purpose and importance were explained to participants, who met the inclusion criteria, and they signed the written informed consent form. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations, which are aligned with the Declaration.

: Not applicable. This study does not include any individual-level identifying images or personal or clinical details of participants that compromise anonymity.

: The authors declare no competing interests.