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Authors
Gu, Yuanjing
Chen, Xiaonan
Shan, Guxue
Tao, Jin
Xia, Ying
Gu, Yanrong
Huang, Ping
Shi, Tingqi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
China Hospital Reform and Development Research Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (NDYGN2024057)
Nanjing Health and Technology Development Special Fund Project (YKK22074)
University-Industry Collaborative Education Program (230905329045253)
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Article History
Received: 15 May 2025
Accepted: 21 January 2026
First Online: 28 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study is a retrospective analysis and all participants were exempted from informed consent. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University (Approval Number: 2025-0302-01).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
