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Authors
Krammel, Mario https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2023-6718
Degischer, Benedikt https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8832-8616
Kahlfuss, Florian https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6684-4964
Lintschinger, Josef Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9827-2773
Reischmann, Lena https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5498-1347
Hriberšek, Mojca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8200-1968
Gleiss, Andreas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8010-7665
Grassmann, Daniel
Hamp, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7294-9168
Lagara, Alexander
Glaninger, Patrick
Schnaubelt, Sebastian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0057-8200
Hafner, Christina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4075-1787
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Article History
Received: 12 December 2025
Accepted: 20 March 2026
First Online: 2 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Vienna (Number: 1332/2024). Informed consent was obtained.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Benedikt Degischer worked as a diploma student in the context of his thesis on this study. Preliminary data were presented as a poster at the Congress of the European Society of Emergency Medicine (EUSEM 2025) and at the Congress of the Austrian Society for Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (AIC 2025) in Vienna, Austria.
