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Frameworks for estimating causal effects in observational settings: comparing confounder adjustment and instrumental variables

Published Online: 2023-05-22

Authors

Zawadzki, Roy S. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-8360
Grill, Joshua D.

Gillen, Daniel L.

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Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

National Institute on Aging (P30AG066519, P30AG066519, RF1AG075107, RF1AG075107)

National Institute on Aging (AG066519)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2023-05-22

Version of Record valid from 2023-05-22
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Article History

Received: 24 October 2022

Accepted: 25 April 2023

First Online: 22 May 2023

Declarations

:

: All participants in ADNI provided informed consent. For details regarding the ethics statement of the ADNI study population please see: .

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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