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Authors
Jackson, Richard
Johnson, Philip
Berhane, Sarah
Kolamunnage-Dona, Ruwanthi
Hughes, David
Dodd, Susanna
Neoptolemos, John
Palmer, Daniel
Cox, Trevor
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Article History
Received: 20 January 2025
Accepted: 25 March 2025
First Online: 9 April 2025
Declarations
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: As a manuscript detailing methodology, ethical approval was deemed to be unnecessary. Where the methodology was applied to patient data obtained from the ESPAC3 and ESPAC4 trials, this represents secondary analysis of a fully anonymised dataset and no further approval was required for their use. This was confirmed by the university of Liverpool research ethics board and is in line with the universities published policy for research ethics. All activities undertaken in the production of this manuscript adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not Apllicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
