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Article History

Received: 24 January 2025

Accepted: 11 March 2026

First Online: 28 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The use of CPRD Aurum and CPRD GOLD data was approved by the CPRD Research Data Governance Process. The New England Institutional Review Board (IRB) has determined that studies conducted in Marketscan® are exempt from study-specific IRB review, as these studies do not qualify as human subjects research. Based on Ethical Guidelines for Epidemiological Research issued by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, ethics approval and informed consent were not applicable for use of Japan Claims. For France LPD and Germany DA no patient permission was necessary because all patient data are deidentified for research purposes.

: Not applicable.

: NS, CJ, CDK, CC, & CM are employees of Bayer AG, VB & RH were employees of Bayer AG at the time of the study, and JB is an employee of IQVIA. The funding body of this research, Bayer AG, took part in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, and the writing of the manuscript, via the work of the aforementioned authors who are employed by Bayer AG.