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Authors
Hadianfar, Ali
Karimi, Omid
Saki, Azadeh
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Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 18 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (approval code: IR.MUMS.FHMPM.REC.1401.153). All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee because the study used secondary anonymized hospital records and involved no direct contact with participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
