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Article History

Received: 12 July 2024

Accepted: 5 November 2024

First Online: 26 November 2024

Declarations

:

: Human Ethics approval was not applicable. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. The study was carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

: DM has been an advisor on vaccines for Merck, GSK, Pfizer, Sanofi, CSL Seqirus, Novavax, Moderna, Dynavax, and Valneva. He has also been a speaker for CSL Seqirus, Pfizer, and Sanofi. LC is an employee at Sanofi. AM declares the following relationships with the pharmaceutical industry as part of being an Open Rome employee, without any individual benefit: participation in influenza or vaccination advisory boards or lectures at meetings (Sanofi, Viatris, CSL Seqirus, IQVIA); and invitation to conferences (Sanofi). Besides this, she is a member of the influenza group of the French Microbiology Society (SFM). UH declares receiving consulting fees for the Global Pertussis Initiative (Sanofi), the Central and Eastern Europe Pertussis Awareness Group (Sanofi), and for pertussis consultation (GSK). He received product-independent lectures fees from GSK, InfectoPharm, Merck, Moderna, Pfizer, Roche, and Sanofi. He also participated in the Data Monitoring Committees of a poliomyelitis vaccine (Takeda), a Phase II study of an adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine (GSK/Watermark), the Norovirus Bivalent VLP Vaccine Program (Takeda/HilleVax), and the Cell-based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine (Seqirus QIV). Ulrich Heininger sits on the Meta Data Safety Monitoring Board for the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations and has been a member of the Varicella Advisory Board, Switzerland (Merck) for the period 2000–2022. Besides this, he was a member of Ständige Impfkommission (Standing Committee on Vaccination) in Germany from 2001 until March 2024. He is currently the President of the Pediatric Infectious Disease Group of Switzerland and is a member and past Chair of the Committee for Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Bündnis Kinder- und Jugendgesundheit (formerly the German Academy of Pediatrics), Germany (all without financial support).