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Article History

Received: 2 November 2023

Accepted: 9 January 2025

First Online: 29 March 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki. This study is part of an ongoing larger research project in Nepal, which uses a randomised controlled trial for diabetes self-management in Nepal including oral health management. Ethics approval of this study has been obtained from the ethics review committees of Nepal Health Research Council, Nepal, the Ethics Review Committee of Tokyo Women’s Medical University (200801), Japan, the Institutional Review Board of Kathmandu University, Nepal (#944/2019P), and the Human Research Ethics Committee of Central Queensland University, Australia (#CQU RSH/HE 0000022453). Verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants who participated in interviews via Zoom or telephone, and written informed consent was obtained from participants who were interviewed in person, which was approved by the ethics review committee of the Nepal Health Research Council, Nepal. Participants’ approval was sought prior to audio recording the interview. The privacy and confidentiality of each participants’ information gathered during the interviews is strictly maintained.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.