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Authors
Ong, Kah Pieng
Chen, Elya
Oh, Evonne
Lee, Eng Sing
Tang, Wern Ee
Ng, David Wei Liang
Teo, Valerie
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
NHG Polyclinics Research Fund (RF-2021-002)
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Article History
Received: 22 May 2024
Accepted: 12 September 2025
First Online: 13 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study received approval from the NHG Domain Specific Review Board (DSRB) (Ref No. 2021/01075). The NHG DSRB ethics requirements are based on the Declaration of Helsinki and the Belmont Report , and comply with the guidelines stipulated by Singapore’s Bioethics Advisory Committee . Written informed consent was obtained from all patients prior to data collection.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
