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Article History

Received: 28 June 2025

Accepted: 22 September 2025

First Online: 10 November 2025

Declarations

:

: This study involves human participants and was approved by the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Ethics Committee [Approval no. (2025) Ethics Review no. (0496)], and the research was conducted in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants gave informed consent to participate in the study before taking part.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.